How can wildfire smoke affect your health? Respiratory Care faculty explain

July 31, 2026 - 22:35

Recent wildfire smoke has settled heavily over the Treasure Valley, pushing the Air Quality Index into the unhealthy range for sensitive groups and, at times, for everyone. With hazy skies and the smell of burning wood lingering for days, many residents are wondering just how dangerous this air really is. Faculty from the Respiratory Care program at Boise State University are offering clear answers.

The biggest concern is fine particulate matter, known as PM2.5. These tiny particles are about 30 times smaller than a human hair, which means they can bypass the nose and throat and travel deep into the lungs. Once there, they can trigger inflammation, worsen asthma, and aggravate chronic conditions like COPD. Even healthy people may notice a scratchy throat, dry cough, or burning eyes after prolonged exposure.

For children, older adults, and pregnant women, the risks are higher. The respiratory care experts stress that the effects are not always immediate. Repeated exposure over days or weeks can lead to reduced lung function and a higher chance of respiratory infections. They also warn against relying on cloth masks or bandanas, which do little to filter out fine particles. A proper N95 or KN95 respirator, fitted snugly, offers real protection.

The advice is straightforward: stay indoors when the air looks smoky, keep windows closed, and use a HEPA filter if you have one. Air conditioning on recirculate mode can help, but avoid running fans that pull in outdoor air. If you must go outside, keep activities light and short. And if you experience chest tightness, wheezing, or shortness of breath that does not ease, seek medical attention promptly. The smoke will clear, but the damage to your lungs can linger, so taking precautions now matters.